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ART(Android Runtime) vs DVM(Dalvik Runtime)

     
In the recent Google I/O, Google introduced ART (Android Runtime) to the world. This replaced the current Dalvik Machine runtime processor that is used by every android phones in the market.
So if you guys cannot recognize the difference between Dalvik and ART, this article will tell you simple difference between the two…


But firstly, What is a Runtime Environment in Android?
The Android Runtime consists of core libraries and Dalvik virtual Machine to run applications in the Operating System (OS).Java programming language is used for creating these main libraries.
When you install a new application the runtime environment checks and compiles all the files in it to make sure it is compatible for the phone to execute. It is not similar to the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) because it executes Dalvik Executable(.dx) files and relies on Linux Kernel for memory management and threading properties.
So in simple words the runtime environment simply executes your commands and instructions through various optimization techniques, thus saving time and memory.



DVM vs ART
When an app is installed in android Dalvik VM compiles using the concept of JIT(Just-In Time) where it catches all the uncompiled bundled data and is stored into RAM(Random Access Memory).The temporary data is stored in RAM for further execution of the application while its being used by the user. Other applications are also enabled in the background using the same memory which in turn utilizes extra battery of your phone.
A task manager usually frees up memory this memory but it’s a boring process of starting these apps again. So to overcome this drawback Google introduced ART  which promises better battery life and performance.

What is ART ?
ART is an entirely new concept in Android which uses a concept of Ahead-of-Time(AOT) compiling the apps automatically and swiftly while they are downloaded. This is a fast paced process but uses more memory and longer to install apps unlike Dalvik VM. Since time taken to run apps is slow there is less load on processor thus increasing your battery life extensively.
This was introduced in Google Play editions Phones like Nexus 5 and Motorola which have 4.4.2 Kitkat.It is still in beta stage because it doesn’t supports the old applications and android versions



.I tested it on my Motorola Moto X(4.4.2) which worked fine but it wasn’t supporting the older package files so had to revert back to Dalvik.
Google is working hard in tweaking this amazing project to make it available for other phones and in Android 5.0 in coming months.












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