In the recent Google I/O, Google introduced ART (Android
Runtime) to the world. This replaced the current Dalvik Machine
runtime processor that is used by every android phones in the market.
So if you guys cannot recognize the difference between
Dalvik and ART, this article will tell you simple difference between the two…
But firstly, What is a Runtime Environment
in Android?
The Android Runtime
consists of core libraries and Dalvik virtual Machine to run applications in the Operating System (OS).Java
programming language is used for creating these main libraries.
When you install a
new application the runtime environment checks and compiles all the files in it
to make sure it is compatible for the phone to execute. It is not similar to
the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) because it executes Dalvik Executable(.dx) files and relies on Linux Kernel for memory management and threading properties.
So in simple words
the runtime environment simply executes your commands and instructions through various
optimization techniques, thus saving time and memory.
DVM
vs ART
When an app is
installed in android Dalvik VM compiles using the concept of JIT(Just-In Time) where it catches all
the uncompiled bundled data and is stored into RAM(Random Access Memory).The
temporary data is stored in RAM for further execution of the application while
its being used by the user. Other applications are also enabled in the
background using the same memory which in turn utilizes extra battery of your
phone.
A task manager
usually frees up memory this memory but it’s a boring process of starting these
apps again. So to overcome this drawback Google introduced ART which
promises better battery life and performance.
What
is ART ?
ART is an entirely
new concept in Android which uses a concept of Ahead-of-Time(AOT) compiling the apps automatically and swiftly while
they are downloaded. This is a fast paced process but uses more memory and
longer to install apps unlike Dalvik VM. Since time taken to run apps is slow
there is less load on processor thus increasing your battery life extensively.
This was introduced
in Google Play editions Phones like Nexus 5 and Motorola which have 4.4.2 Kitkat.It
is still in beta stage because it doesn’t supports the old applications and
android versions
.I tested it on my Motorola Moto X(4.4.2)
which worked fine but it wasn’t supporting the older package files so had to
revert back to Dalvik.
Google is working
hard in tweaking this amazing project to make it available for other phones and
in Android 5.0 in coming months.
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